Curious what science says about naming things in code? One of our engineers took the question to a peer-reviewed journal.
The science of naming in code
Iwo Herka, Principal Software Engineer at Makimo, studies how programmers name things. Together with Bartosz Biderman he measured fourteen identifier metrics across 9,801 open-source projects in nine languages and thirteen domains, and found that the programming language shapes names more than the project domain does. The paper is published in a subscription journal, so start with its free counterpart on our blog: a pragmatic review of the research on naming, with guidelines a software engineer can apply at the next code review. The scripts and source code behind the study are on GitHub.
Herka, Iwo, and Bartosz Biderman. “Identifier characteristics across programming languages and project domains: an empirical study.” Empirical Software Engineering 31.3 (2026): 73.
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